Governor



T. l. LARSEN May 30, 1961 GOVERNOR 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed July 51, 1958INVENTOR. 7'0 r/erfJrya/fJ/rsefl May 30, 1961 T. LARSEN 2,936,131 IGOVERNOR v Filed July 31, 1958 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. 727/92)1777077 4%715'672 army/s. I

T. l. LARSEN May 30, 1961' GOVERNOR 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed July 51, 1958INVENTOR.

United States Patent GOVERNOR Torleif Ingolf Larsen, Farmington, Mich.,assignor to King-Seeley' Corporation, Ann Arbor, Mich, a corporation ofMichigan Filed July 31, 1958, Ser. No. 752,304

6 Claims. (Cl. 123-103) This invention relates to governors and, moreparticularly, to an improved velocity or mixture flow type governorparticularly adapted for use in governing an internal combustion engineequipped with a carburetor havingsuccessively controlled barrels.

An object of the invention is to provide an improved and 12,respectively, provided with primary throttle plates 13 and secondarythrottle plates 14, although it will be understood that the presentinvention is applicable to other uses. The governor 20'is adapted to beinserted between the four barrel carburetor and the intake manifold ofthe fuel induction system of an internal yelocity or mixture flow typegovernor incorporating improved means for controlling an internalcombustion engine equipped with a carburetor having, successivelycontrolled barrels, as for example, a four barrel carburetor.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved velocity ormixture flow type governor of the indicated character which operatesquickly, efiiciently and reliably over a wide range of engine loadconditions.

Still another object of the invention is to provide an improved governorof the indicated character which may be manufactured and assembledeconomically, and which may be easily and quickly adjusted with aminimum of time, labor, and expense to meet the requirements of thevarious multiple barrel carburetors and engines that may be. associatedtherewith.

The above as well as other objects and advantages of the presentinvention will become apparent from the following description, theappended claims and the accompanying drawings wherein:

Figure l is a side elevational view, with portions broken away, of avelocity or mixture flow type governor embodying the present invention,showing the throttle plates thereof in the wide open position;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the governor illustrated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a side elevational view of the structure illustrated in Fig.2,,taken on the line 3--3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is. a sectional view of the structure illustrated in Fig. 2,taken on the line 4-4 thereof; Fig. 5 is a top plan view of anotherembodiment of the invention; 7

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the structure illustrated. in Fig. 5,taken on the line 6-6 thereof;

Fig. 7 is a top plan view of still another embodiment of the invention;1

Fig. 8 is an end view of the structure illustrated in Fig. 7, taken onthe line 8-8 of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the structure illustrated in Fig. 7, takenon the line 9-9 thereof;

Fig. 10 is an end view of the structure illustrated in Fig. 7, taken onthe line Ill-10 of Fig. 7; and

Fig. 11 is a sectional view taken on the line 11--11 of Fig. 2 showingthe governor illustrated in Fig. l inserted between a four barrelcarburetor and the intake manifold of the fuel induction system of aninternal combustion engine.

successively controlled primary and secondary barrels 1 1 combustionengine such as conventionally employed. on an automotive vehicle. The.fuel mixture emanating from the carburetor passes through the governor20 and passes from. the governor into the fuel paths 16 and 17 of theintake manifold which serves tov distribute the fuel mix ture to theengine cylinder. 7

The governor 20 is comprised of a body 22 thatdefines four passageways24, 26, 28' and 30, each of which is open at each end and. each ofwhich, in the embodiment of the invention illustrated, is substantiallycircular in cross section, although it. will be understood that thecross-sectional configuration. of the passageways 24,, 26, 28 and 30 maybe other than circular. The body 22 is provided with mounting flanges 32and 34 which facilitate the installation of the governor 20 between the.carburetor and the intake manifold, the governor being retained by bolts(not shown) which pass through the openings 36 provided in the body inoutwardly spaced relationship with respectv to the passageways 24, 26,28 and 30. A pair of primary throttle plates 38 and 40 are providedwhich are fixed to a shaft 42', the longitudinal axis of the shaft 42extending transversely of the primary passage:- ways 26 and 30 andbeing. ofiset in parallel relationship with respect to the. aligneddiameters of the passageways 26 and 30. Each of the throttle plates 38and '40 is also offset with respect tothe longitudinal axis of the shaft42 so that the portion 44 of each throttle plate, 38

and 40. with the. greatest area extends generally upwardly, as viewed inFigs. 1,. 3 and. 4, and upstream with respect to the direction of theflow of the fuel mixture, while the portion 46 of each primary throttleplate with the least area extends generally downwardly, as. viewed inThe end portionsv of the shaft 42 are journaled for oscillation insuitable bearings 48 and 50 carriedv by the body 22 on opposite sides ofthe primary passageways 26 30. As shown in Figure 1, oneend portion ofthe shaft 42 projects into a chamber 52 defined by a housing por tion'54 provided on the body 22.

A pair of secondary throttle plates 56 and 58 are provided which arefixed to a shaft 60,, the longitudinal axis of the shaft 60 extendingtransversely of the secondary passageways 24 and 28 with thelongitudinal axis of the shaft 60 aligned with the aligned diameters ofthe secondary passageways 24 and 28. Each of the secondary throttleplates 56 and 58 is balanced with respect to the longitudinal axis ofthe secondary shaft 60 so that the area of the portion 62 of thethrottle plates 56 and 58 which extends upwardly, as viewed in Figs. 1,3 and 4, and upstream with respect to the flow of the fuel mixture isequal to the area of the portion 64 of the throttle plates which extendsgenerally downwardly, as viewed in Figs. 1, 3 and 4. With such aconstruction, the velocity and pressure forces exerted. on the secondarythrottle plates 56 and 58 by the passage of, the fuel mixture throughthe secondary passageways 24 and 28 are substantially balanced, and thesecondary throttle plates 56 and 58 do not tend to move as a function ofthe forces exerted by passages.

The end portions of the secondary shaft 60 are jour naled' foroscillation in suitable bearings 66 and 68 carried 3 by the body 22 onopposite sides of the secondary passageways 24 and 28. As shown in Fig.2, the end portions 70 and 72 of the primary and secondary shafts 42 and60 project outwardly from the body 22, and a pair of collars 74 and 76are fixed to such portions of the primary and secondary shafts. A linkmember 78 is provided which serves to mechanically couple the balancedsecondary throttle plates 56 and 58 to the unbalanced primary throttleplates 38 and 40, one end portion of the link member 78 being pivotallyconnected by a pin 80 to the collar 76 at a position spaced from theaxis of oscillation of the secondary shaft 60 While the opposite end ofthe link member 78 is pivotally connected by a pin 82 to the collar 74at a position below the axis of oscillation of the primary shaft 42.With such a construction, when the primary throttle plates 38 and 40move in a counterclockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 1, toward theclosed position, the secondary throttle plates 56 and 58 move in aclockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 1, toward the closed position.

Since the forces exerted on the secondary throttle plates 56 and 58 arebalanced, while the forces exerted on the V 4 longitudinal axis of theprimary shaft 42 in a direction to move the primary throttle plates 38and 40 toward the closed position. Since the primary shaft 42 ismechanically connected to the secondary shaft 60 through the agency ofthe link member 78, the secondary throttle plates 56 and 58 also movetoward the closed position. Upon movement of the throttle plates towardthe open position due to the action of the spring 90, the piston 98moves to the right to the position illustrated in Fig. 2. The rod endportion of the bore 100 is connectedto the primary passageway 30 by theopening 108 in the wall defining the primary passageway 30, while thehead end portion of the bore 100 communicates with the atmosphere, suchcommunication being effected through openprimary throttle plates 38 and40 by the passage of the The forces exerted on the primary throttleplates 38 i and 40 by the passage of the fuel mixture through theprimary passageways 26 and tends to vary non-linearly in value as theprimary throttle plates change positions, and in order to balance theclosing forces exerted on the primary throttle plates, at governedspeeds, in all positions, a reactance mechanism, generally designated84, is provided which is disposed in the open sided chamber 52 definedby the housing portion 54. The reactance mechanism 84 is comprised of acam 85 which is fixed to the end portion of the primary shaft 42 withinthe chamber 52, the configuration of the cam surface 86 being determinedby the characteristics of the particular engine and the particularcarburetor with which the governor is associated. A flexible tape 88 isprovided, one end portion of which is fixed to the cam 85. The tapeextends over the cam surface 86 and the distal end of the tape 88 isfixed to one end of a coil spring 90 while the convolutions of theopposite end portion of the spring 90 threadably engage an adjustingscrew 92 carried by the housing portion 54 of the body 22. .With such aconstruction, the force exerted by the spring is applied through varyingradii to resist the non-linear closing effort of the primary throttleplates 38 and 40. The chamber 52 is closed by a closure member94 whichis secured to the housing portion 54 of the body 22 as by screws 96.

For the purpose of stabilizing both the primary and secondary throttleplates and to prevent throttle cheat, a piston 98 is provided which isreciprocally mounted in a bore 100 provided in a cylinder 102 carried bythe body 22 at a position spaced from the housing portion 54, the outerend of the bore being sealed by a plug retained by any suitable orconventional means. One end of a piston rod 106 is fixed to the piston98 and the other end portion of the rod extends into the primarypassageway 30 through an opening 108 provided in the wall defining theprimary passageway 30. The end portion of the rod 106 which extends intothe primary passageway 30 is provided with a recess 1'10 adapted toreceive a laterally extending portion 112 of an actuating member 114,the portion 112 .of the actuating member 114 being fixed to theactuating member 114 as by a rivet 116, and the end portion of themember 114 remote from the actuating portion 112 is fixed to the upperportion 44 of the primary throttle plate 40. With such a construction,longitudinal movement of the piston toward the left, as viewed in Fig.2, effects rotation of the primary throttle plates 38 and 40 about the76 ings 118 provided in the wall of the cylinder 102 defining the bore100. With such a construction, an increase in the vacuum in the primarypassageway 30 effects an increase in the vacuum at the rod end of thebore with the result that the piston tends to move toward the left asviewed in Fig. 2. As the piston moves toward the left, the distal end ofthe rod 106 engages the portion 112 of the actuating member 114 so as tomove the actuating member 114 toward the left as viewed in Fig. 2,thereby effecting rotation of both the primary and secondary throttleplates and moving both the primary and secondary throttle plates towardthe closed position. Since the piston 98 is actuated by the vacuum inthe primary passageway 30, such a construction substantially preventsthrottle cheat. Such a construction also enables the pieton 98 to assistthe forces exerted on the primary throttle plates by the flow of thefuel mixture through the primary passageways to move the throttle platestoward the closed position, and at the same time provides a stabilizingeifect on both the primary and secondary throttle plates because of thedashpot action of the piston, thereby reducing hunting of the governorto a minimum.

Another embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6.This embodiment of the invention is com prised of a governor 120 whichincludes the body 22 that defines the four passageways 24, 26, 28 and30, namely the primary passageways 26 and 30 and the secondarypassageways 24 and 28. This embodiment of the invention also includesthe primary throttle plates 38 and 40 which are mounted in ofisetreleationship on the primary shaft 42 in the manner previously describedso that the portion 44 of each primary throttle plate with the greatestarea extends generally upstream with respect to the direction of fiow ofthe fuel mixture, while the portions 46 of the primary throttle plateswith the least area extend generally downstream.

In this embodiment of the invention, a pair of secondary throttle plates156 and 158 are provided which are fixed to a secondary shaft 160, thelongitudinal axis of the secondary shaft 160 extending transversely ofthe secondary passageways 24 and 28 and being offset in parallelrelationship with respect to the aligned diameters of the passageways 24and 28. Each of the secondary throttle plates 156 and 158 is also ofisetwith respect to the longitudinal axis of the secondary shaft 160 so thatthe portion 162 of each secondary throttle plate with the greatest areaextends generally upwardly, as viewed in Fig. 6, and upstream withrespect to the direction of flow of the fuel mixture, while the portion164 of each secondary throttle plate with the least area extendsgenerally downwardly, as viewed in Fig. 6. With such a construction, thevelocity and pressure forces exerted on the primary throttle plates 38and 40 and the secondary throttle plates 156 and 158 by the passage ofthe fuel mixture through the passageways 24, 26, 28 and 30 tend to moveboth the primary throttle plates 38 and 40 and the secondary throttleplates 156 and 158 toward the closed position. The end portions of thesecondary shaft 160 are journaled for oscillation in suitable bearings,such as the bearings 66 and 68 previously described, which provided thebody 22 on opposite sides of the secondary passageways 24 and 28': Asshown in Figs. and 6; this embodiment of" the invention includes thecolla1s 74 and 76 which are fixed to the outwardly pro j'ecting'endportions of the primary and secondary shafts, the link member 78 beingprovided which serves to mechanically couple the unbalanced secondarythrottle plates 156 and 158" to the unbalancedprimary throttle plates 38and 40; One end portion of the link member 78 is pivotally connectedtotlie collar 76 at a position spaced from the axis of oscillation ofthe secondary shaft 160 while the opposite end of the link member 78 ispivotally connected to the collar 74' at a position spaced from the axisof oscillation of the primary shaft 42 in the manner previouslydescribed. 7 7

' Since the forces exerted, on the primary and secondary throttle platesby the passage of the fuel mixture through the primary and secondarypassageways are unbalanced, the closing of both the primary andsecondary throttle plates is controlled by the forces exerted on boththe primary and secondary throttle plates bythe' passageof thefuelmixture throughthe primary and'secondary passageways.

This embodiment of the invention also includes the reactance mechanism84 and the piston and cylinder means 98, 102 which are connected to theprimary shaft 42 in the manner previously described.

Another embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Figs. 7 through10. This embodiment of the invention is comprised of a governor 220which includes the body 22 that defines the passageways 24, 26, 28 and30, the unbalanced primary throttle plates 38 and 40 which are fixed tothe primary shaft 42 in the manner previously described, and theunbalanced secondary throttle plates 156 and .158 which are fixed to thesecondary shaft 160 in the manner previously described. However, in thisembodiment of the invention, link member 78 is omitted and the closingforces exerted on the primary throttle plates 38 and 40, at governedspeeds, in all positions, are balanced by the reactance mechanism 84,while the closing forces exerted on the secondary throttle plates 156and 158 are balanced by a coil spring 278, one end portion of which ispivotally connected by a pin 280 to the collar 76 at a position spacedfrom the axis of oscillation of the secondary shaft 160 while theopposite end portion is fixed to a pin 281 carried by the body 22. Thetension and spring rate of the spring 278 are determined by thecharacteristics of the particular engine and the particular carburetorwith which the governor is associated.

This embodiment of the invention enables the secondary throttle platesto close completely before the primary throttle plates close so that theprimary throttle plates control the fuel flow to the engine at governedspeeds. In this connection, it is desirable to adjust the spring rateand tension of the spring 278 so that the secondary throttle platesstart to close in the range from 85 to 90 percent of brake horsepoweroutput, and to have the secondary throttle plates completely closed atthe time the primary throttle plates start to close, so that at governedspeeds, the closure forces exerted on the primary throtle plates arebalanced by the reactance mechanism 84.

This embodiment of the invention also includes the reactance mechanism'84 and the piston and cylinder unit 98, 102 previously described.

While preferred embodiments of the invention have been shown anddescribed, it vw'll be understood that various changes and modificationsmay be without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What is claimed is:

1. A governor for use with an internal combustion engine carburetorhaving at least four barrels, said governor comprising, in combination,a body defining at least four fuel mixture passageways adapted to bealigned with the barrels of said carburetor, an unbalanced throttlebalanced throttle plates, one of said balanced throttle a 6plate-mounted in at least one of the fuel mixture passage-f ways definedby said body, additional throttle plates mounted in the remaining fuelmixture passageways de-' fined by said body, said unbalanced throttleplate being adapted to be moved toward the closed position by the flowof fuel through said one passageway, resilient means operativelyconnected to said unbalanced throttle plate and urging said unbalancedthrottle plate toward the open position; and means actuable by saidunbalanced throttle plate; and effective to urge said remaining throttleplates toward the openand closed position as a function of the movementof said unbalanced throttle plate.

2. A governor for'use with an internal combustion engine carburetorhaving at least four barrels, said governor comprising, in combination,a body defining at least four fuel mixture passageways, a pair ofunbalanced throttle plates pivotally mounted in two of thefuel mix turepassageways defined by said body, a plurality of plates being pivotallymounted in each of the remaining fuel mixture passageways defined. bysaid body, said unbalanced throttle plates being adapted to be movedtoward the closed position by the flow of fuel through the associatedfuel mixture passageways, said balanced throttle plates beingsubstantially unaffected by the flow of fuel through the associated fuelmixture passageways, resilient means operatively connected to saidunbalanced throttle plates and urging said unbalanced throttle platestoward the open position, and means operatively interconnecting saidunbalanced throttle plates and said balanced throttle plates andelfective to move said balanced throttle plates as a function of themovement of said unbalanced throttle plates.

3. A governor for use with an internal combustion engine carburetorhaving at least four barrels, said governor comprising, in combination,a body defining at least four fuel mixture passageways adapted to bealigned with the barrels of said carburetor, a plurality of unbalancedthrottle plates, one of said unbalanced throttle plates being pivotallymounted in each of the fuel mixture passageways defined by said. body,each of said throttle plates being adapted to be moved toward the closedposition by the flow of fuel through the associated fuel mixturepassageway, resilient means operatively connected to at least one ofsaid throttle plates and efiiective to urge said one throttle platetoward the open position, and means connecting said one throttle platewith the remaining throttle plates and effective to move said remainingplates as a function of the movement of said one throttle plate.

4. A governor for use with an internal combustion engine carburetorhaving four barrels, said governor comprising, in combination, a bodydefining four fuel mixture passageways adapted to be aligned with thebarrels of said carburetor, a plurality of unbalanced throttle plates,one of said unbalanced throttle plates being pivotally mounted in eachof the fuel mixture passageways defined by said body, each of saidthrottle plates being adapted to be moved toward the closed position bythe fiow of fuel through the associated fuel mixture passageway,resilient means operatively connected to at least one of said throttleplates and effective to urge said one throttle plate toward the openposition, and means including link means connecting said one throttleplate with the remaining throttle plates and effective to move saidremaining plates as a function of the movement of said one throttleplate.

5. A governor for use with an internal combustion engine carburetorhaving four barrels including a pair of primary barrels and a pair ofsecondary barrels, said governor comprising, in combination, a bodydefining four fuel mixture passageways, a pair of unbalanced throttleplates pivotally mounted in two of the fuel mixture passageways definedby said body and aligned with the primary barrels of said carburetor, aplurality of balanced throttle plates, one of said balanced throttleplates being pivotally mounted in each of the remaining fuel mixturepassageways defined by said body and aligned with the secondary barrelsof said carburetor, said unbalanced throttle plates being adapted to bemoved toward the closed position by the fiow of fuel through theassociated fuel mixture passageways, said balanced throttle plates beingsubstantially unaffected by the flow of fuel through the associated fuelmixture passageways, resilient means operatively connected to saidunbalanced throttle plates and urging said unbalanced throttle platestoward the open position, and means including link means operativelyinterconnecting said unbalanced throttle plates and said balancedthrottle plates and efiective to move said bal anced throttle plates asa function of the movement of said unbalanced throttle plates.

6. A governor for use with an internal combustion engine carburetorhaving four barrels, said governor comprising, in combination, a bodydefining four fuel mixture passageways, a plurality of unbalancedthrottle plates, one of said throttle plates being mounted in each ofthe passageways defined by said body, each of said throttle plates beingadapted to be moved toward the closed position by the flow of fuelthrough the associated fuel mixture passageway, first resilient meansoperatively connected to two,

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS2,170,744 Adler Aug. 22, 1939 2,375,479 Langhaar May 8, 1945 2,409,070Ruby Oct. 8, 1946 2,544,520 Ball Mar. 6,1951- 2,643,672 Laubach June 30,1953 2,672,156 Lecarmure Mar. 16, 1954 2,807,448 Morton Sept. 24, 19572,836,404

Carlson May 27, 1958

